Gray New World

A few months back I purchased a book entitled One Thousand Languages by Peter Austin. Not a “reading book,” this is more of a reference manual to the often bewildering profusion of languages in the world. Having dabbled in the study of about a dozen languages over the course of my academic career, I was interested in seeing what tongues are being spoken in places I’ve only dreamed about. After introducing a plethora of different communication systems, the book dedicates a significant section to endangered and extinct languages. There is a sadness about a language dying; it marks the end of an important aspect of a culture and a move towards a bland universality.

O say what did you say?

Then a Rutgers student sent me this link. It is a video of Wade Davis lecturing on the topic of the rapid disappearance of minority cultures around the world. Initially Davis begins by telling the students that when they were born (this lecture was delivered in 2003), there were 6000 spoken languages in the world. As of 2003, there were only 3000. The rate of language extinction is (was) about one tongue dying out every two weeks. What makes this degeneration so unfortunate, as Davis explains, is that many are dying unnatural deaths. Cultures are obliterated because of exploitation. More powerful members of nations (artificial constructs, all!) ensure compliance by encouraging uniform languages and monochromatic cultures. It is culturocide.

I would encourage my readers to view this video; it is 20 minutes well spent. A major component of these dying cultures is religion, naturally. Davis makes very important observations about this aspect of cultural non-diversity as well. And I can’t help adding that one of the phenomena he addresses is how zombies are made! Quite apart from my fascination with the monstrous aspect of religions, Davis’ cautions are essential to recognizing the plight of the once diverse human cultural domain. You won’t regret seeing this – it is nutritious food for thought.

4 thoughts on “Gray New World

  1. Languages are tools.
    People lament classical music dying and want city governments to fund orchestras.
    I say let them come and go.
    I too have studies many languages (not as many dead ones as you), I have no preference for the survival of any. All will do.
    Just fulfilling my Amanojaku role !
    🙂

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    • Steve Wiggins

      While it is true that the evolution of language (and music, all of culture, in fact) continues apace, Davis is suggesting that we’re losing something invaluable. Every time I have to translate a text I heave a sigh of despair for the inordinate amount of work it involves, yet I know that every language contains the ability to express more than any other language can. It is a vital sign of the human will. Yes, some will go extinct, but we will not lament them until the loss to human culture eventually becomes evident. Thanks for keeping the Amanojaku alive!

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  2. Did I just hear you reject the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis (which I also tend to reject)?
    So we actually agree on that?
    For if it is lost, besides attachment to what we are familiar with and what we cherish because of that, what is lost?
    Cultures are lost and then recreated. People of the past didn’t lament the cultures they would never know, did they?

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    • Steve Wiggins

      Well, you sent me to the encyclopedia on that one! Not being a linguist I wasn’t sure what the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis was. In general I do not accept it; mentally, people are much more adept at handling images than word-concepts.

      But I do believe ancient cultures lamented the demise of previous incarnations of civilization. Even as they were taking over and dominating the Sumerians the Akkadians emulated them, just as the Romans did with the Greeks. There is a reluctance to let go of one’s own cultural superiority yet also a sadness at seeing an advanced culture disappear beneath your heels. The problem is that these cultures will never return and many of them have never been documented. They fly off into the ether (metaphorically!). I suppose that is the fate of us all — all culture will eventually be sucked into some cosmic black hole — but I can’t think that the human race will go without some feeling of regret at what will have been lost.

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